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Location:
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State of Vermont, United States of America
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Status:
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Admission to Statehood: March 4, 1791
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Capital City:
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Montpelier
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Main Cities:
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Burlington, Essex, Rutland, Colchester, South Burlington, Bennington
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Population:
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608,827; 49th, 12/00
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Area:
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9,615 sq.mi, 45th largest
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Currency:
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1 US dollar = 100 cents
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Languages:
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English, Spanish, and over 30 others
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Religions:
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Protestant, Roman Catholic, Judaism
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The flag of Vermont: The Flag of Vermont consists of the State Coat-of-Arms upon a field of azure. Below the escutcheon is a red ribbon with the state name "Vermont" and the state motto "Freedom and Unity." The motto is central to the Vermont ideal of balancing personal freedom with the individual's responsibility to their community. The current flag was adopted by the General Assembly of the State of Vermont in 1923. A flag of similar design, but handpainted on silk satin, was used as the Governor's Flag during the Vermont Republic (1777-1791). A similar flag can be seen at the Vermont State House in the Old Supreme Court Chamber, now used as an assembly members' reading room. When Vermont joined the federal Union in 1791, a flag similar to the U.S. flag but with a large single star and the State Coat-of-Arms in the blue canton was used. Because of confusion with the U.S. flag, the design of the Governor's Flag was adopted for the Flag of Vermont.
Because the format is similar to many other state flags, especially Maine, Pennsylvania, New York, and Michigan, some have called for adopting the flag of the Vermont Republic (the original Green Mountain Boys infantry standard) or an altogether new design.
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The flag is a piece of cloth, often flown from a pole or mast, generally used for signalling or identification. The design of a flag displayed in another form is also referred to as a flag. The first flags were used to assist military coordination on battlefields, and flags have evolved into a general tool for rudimentary signalling and identification, especially in environments where communication is similarly challenging (such as the maritime environment where semaphore is used).
National flags are potent patriotic symbols with varied wide-ranging interpretations, often including strong military associations due to their original and ongoing military uses. Flags are used in messaging or advertising, or for decorative purposes, though at this less formal end the distinction between a flag and a simple cloth banner is blurred. The study of flags is known as vexillology, from the Latin vexillum meaning flag or banner.
Although flag-like symbols have been used by ancient cultures for thousands of years, the origin of flags in the modern sense is a matter of dispute. Some believe flags originated in China, while others hold that the Roman Empire's vexillum was the first true flag. Originally, the standards of the Roman legions were not flags, but symbols like the eagle of Augustus Caesar's Xth legion; this eagle would be placed on a staff for the standard-bearer to hold up during battle. But a military unit from Scythia had for a standard a dragon with a flexible tail which would move in the wind; the legions copied this; eventually all the legions had flexible standards our modern-day flag.
During the Middle Ages, flags were used mainly during battles to identify individual leaders: in Europe the knights, in Japan the samurai, and in China the generals under the imperial army.
From the time of Christopher Columbus onwards, it has been customary (and later a legal requirement) for ships to carry flags designating their nationality; these flags eventually evolved into the national flags and maritime flags of today. Flags also became the preferred means of communications at sea, resulting in various systems of flag signals; see International maritime signal flags.
Beginning in the 17th century, European knights were replaced by centralized armies, and flags became the means to identify not just nationalities but also individual military units. Flags became much more elaborate, and were seen as objects to be captured or defended. Eventually these flags posed too much danger to those carrying them, and by World War I these were withdrawn from the battlefields, and have since been used only at ceremonial occasions.
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